Points on lines that are parallel to line AB have the same percentage of C. Points that are closer to point C have higher percentages than points that are away from point C. Ternary plot with skeleton of Cįor any points between point C and line AB, the composition of C is non-zero. At point C, the composition of C is 100%, and at all the points on line AB, the composition of C remains zero. Point C is the bottom left vertex of the triangle. In the skeleton of C, the scales of A and B are erased. The percentage of all points on line AC, including points A and C, equals zero. For example, the percentage of points X and Y equals 20%. The compositions of B decrease as we move farther from point B and increase as we get closer to point B.Īll the points on a line that runs parallel to line AC have the same composition of B. Its percentages are 100% at point B and zero at all the points on line AC. Point B is the bottom right vertex of the triangle. The below ternary diagram depicts the composition of substance B. The percentage of A is constant and equal to zero at all points on line BC, including point B and point C. For example, the percentage of A at points X and Y are the same, equal to 30%. In simple words, it means the percentage of A remains constant on the horizontal line. If you have noticed, the percentages of A are proportional to the altitude of the triangle. The percentages in-between the two extremes are marked on the scale, the right to the plot. As we move downward, the percentage of A decreases and becomes zero on the line BC. We have removed the scales of B and C.Īt point A, the composition (or abundance) of A is maximum, equal to 100%. The figure below consists only of substance A. In subsequent sections, we will break the ternary plot into three separate skeletons according to the compositions. You will understand this better as you read the subsequent text. That’s because the sum of the compositions of A, B, and C at any point on the triangle is always constant. Note: Although there are three scales, we only need two compositions to represent a point on the diagram. The three different scales are nothing but sides of the triangle. We have three different scales to measure each of the three compositions. In the same way, point B and point C represent 100% of B and 100% of C, respectively. In the above diagram, point A represents 100% of substance A. Three vertices of the triangle represent three pure substances. Let’s move forward to details.Īs a ternary diagram represents three different substances, it is a three-dimensional plot drawn on a two-dimensional plane. Now, you have understood some basics of a ternary diagram. In the following text, we will continue with equilateral triangles only since they are most commonly used and easy to understand. However, you can do that with a non-equilateral triangle too. Here, we have taken an equilateral triangle, which is very common, to represent compositional data. These alphabets represent three different substances.Ī ternary diagram is always a triangle with each of its three corners representing a pure substance. A typical example of a ternary diagramĪs we can see, each of the three corners of a triangle is labeled by alphabets: A, B, and C. They are mainly used to study compositional data for a mixture of three different substances.īelow is an example of a typical ternary diagram. Ternary diagrams or ternary plots are very common in chemical engineering, physical chemistry, metallurgy, genetics (de Finetti diagram), and other physical sciences.
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